Kathmandu— For nearly a decade, Pakistan and Russia have been quietly strengthening their relationship through sustained engagement across multiple sectors. Recent months have seen increased cooperation focused on security concerns – particularly regarding Afghanistan – as well as discussions around energy, education, and trade. This development, characterized by working groups, ministerial meetings, and agreements made on the sidelines of larger summits, reflects a growing level of trust between the two nations despite their historically complex relationship.

Building Institutional Depth

The foundation of this evolving partnership lies in consistent dialogue. In June 2024, Russian and Pakistani officials held the 12th meeting of their Joint Working Group on Countering International Terrorism in Islamabad, led by senior foreign ministry representatives from both countries. Discussions centered on regional terrorist threats originating in Afghanistan, with an agreement to enhance intelligence sharing and international cooperation. This regular exchange – twelve meetings over a period of time – demonstrates a commitment to continuity that transcends political shifts and geopolitical fluctuations.

Shared Concerns Over Afghanistan

A key driver behind the growing alignment between Pakistan and Russia is their shared concern regarding the situation in Afghanistan. While Islamabad primarily worries about groups operating from Afghan territory against Pakistani targets, such as the Balochistan Liberation Army and Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Moscow’s primary focus is on the Islamic State – Khorasan Province (ISKP). Despite differing priorities, both countries recognize that engagement with the Taliban administration, rather than isolation, is the most effective approach to managing regional risks. Russia notably removed the Taliban from its list of designated terrorist organizations in April 2025 and formally recognized the Taliban government as Afghanistan’s legitimate authority in July 2025 – a historically significant step.

The Role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization

Pakistan's full membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), secured in 2017, has provided a valuable platform for Pakistan and Russia to engage as equals. The SCO’s emphasis on mutual trust, equality, and respect for sovereignty aligns with what Pakistani officials describe as the “Shanghai spirit” – a framework conducive to addressing shared security challenges like porous borders, extremism, and narcotics trafficking. Kyrgyzstan currently holds the SCO chairmanship, with Pakistan set to assume this role in 2026 and host the Council of Heads of State summit in Islamabad in 2027.

Economic Cooperation Gains Momentum

While economic ties between Russia and Pakistan remain underdeveloped, both governments acknowledge the need for greater cooperation. They have agreed to work towards a Program of Economic Cooperation through 2030, aiming to expand trade and investment while addressing longstanding barriers to bilateral business. Discussions include exploring Pakistan’s potential participation in Russia’s International North-South Transport Corridor, with Gwadar Port identified as a possible connection point. A recent Readmission Agreement signed in Bishkek is also expected to streamline visa procedures for business travelers.

A Focus on Sustained Progress

Officials from both countries emphasize that the relationship's strength lies not in high-profile agreements, but in consistent implementation of shared initiatives and the development of stronger institutional and people-to-people links. The focus is on building a durable partnership through patient, unglamorous work on trade corridors, pipelines, and payment mechanisms – efforts that may not grab headlines but are essential for long-term success.

Pakistan and Russia have transitioned from a relationship largely defined by history to one sustained by regular dialogue and practical cooperation. Continued engagement with realism and mutual respect will be crucial in determining the future depth and resilience of this evolving partnership.

(With inputs from RT)

Originally published on abcnews.com.np.